QubesOS¶
Užplombuotos aparatinės įrangos tikrinimas¶
If you have ordered the unit with the option “sealed screws and sealed bag”, please verify the sealing before unpacking. If you do not know what this means, skip this section.
Saugaus paleidimo procedūra¶
With the NitroPad and NitroPC, malicious changes to the BIOS, operating system, and software can be easily detected. For example, if you left your NitroPad in a hotel room, you can use your Nitrokey to check if it has been tampered with while you were away. If an attacker modifies the NitroPad’s firmware or operating system, the Nitrokey will detect this (instructions below).
Each time you start the NitroPad or the NitroPC, you should - if possible - connect your Nitrokey. If the Nitrokey is plugged in and the system has not been modified, the following screen will appear when it is turned on.
The box marked in red contains the information that the BIOS has not been changed and that the shared secret of the NitroPad or the NitroPC and the Nitrokey match. But this information is not sufficient, because an attacker could have faked it. If at the same time the Nitrokey also flashes green, everything is fine. An attacker would have to have had access to the NitroPad or NitroPC and Nitrokey to achieve this result. It is therefore important that you do not leave both devices unattended.
If the information on the NitroPad or NitroPC does not match the information on the Nitrokey, the background would turn red and the message “Invalid Code” would appear. This could indicate that manipulation has taken place.
Toliau aprašyta, kaip gali atrodyti įkrovos procesas, jei sistema buvo pakeista (pvz., po atnaujinimo), ir kokie klaidų pranešimai gali atsirasti, jei sistema buvo pakeista.
Patarimas
The NitroPad and NitroPC can also be started without the Nitrokey. If you don’t have the Nitrokey with you, but are sure that the hardware has not been manipulated, you can boot your system without checking.
Darbo pradžia¶
Įsigijus slaptažodžius, nustatoma numatytoji vertė, kurią turite pakeisti patys:
Įkrovę sistemą, jei „NitroPad“ nerodė jokių klaidų ir „Nitrokey“ degė žaliai (žr. pirmiau), paspauskite Enter („Default Boot“).
Next, the system will prompt you to enter the passphrase to decrypt the hard disk. The passphrase is initially „12345678“.
Tada sistema jums padės sukurti naudotojo paskyrą. Po to turėtumėte sėkmingai įkrauti sistemą ir jau galite ja normaliai naudotis.
Open the pre-installed Nitrokey App and change the PINs of your Nitrokey as described here.
Pakeiskite standžiojo disko šifravimo slaptažodį, „Qubes“ meniu ieškodami „Change Disk Passwort“ (keisti disko slaptažodį). Ši slaptažodžių frazė skiriasi nuo jūsų naudotojo paskyros slaptažodžio.
„NitroPads“ pristatomi su naujausiu „Qubes OS“ diegimo atvaizdu, kurį po įdiegimo reikia atnaujinti, nes jame nėra visų naujausių saugumo pataisų. Norėdami atnaujinti, naudokite atnaujinimų tvarkyklę, kaip aprašyta Qubes dokumentacijoje.
Pastaba
Konkrečiai „NitroPad V54“ „Qubes 4.2.3“ diegimo atvaizde yra klaida, kuri riboja tik didžiausios ekrano skiriamosios gebos naudojimą. Tai ištaisoma atnaujinus dom0 ir perkraunant kompiuterį.
Elgesys po sistemos atnaujinimo¶
The NitroPad and NitroPC firmware checks certain system files for changes. If your operating system has updated important components, you will be warned the next time you boot the NitroPad or NitroPC. This could look like this, for example:
That’s why it’s important to restart your NitroPad or your NitroPC under controlled conditions after a system update. Only when the new status has been confirmed can you leave the device unattended again. Otherwise, you will not be able to distinguish a possible attack from a system update. Detailed instructions for a system update can be found here.
Failed to Start Load Kernel Modules¶
Sistemos įkrovos metu rodoma klaida „Nepavyko pradėti įkelti branduolio modulių“. Tai žinoma problema, kuri nėra kritinė ir gali būti ignoruojama.